Newborn screening, is the most essential public health prevention programme of the 21st century. It is adopted in the vast majority of developed nations. The majority of developing nations are following suit. In India, "it is still in its development phase and has yet to enter into implementation stage, as a national health program." Newborn screening, is the most essential public health prevention programme of the 21st century. It is adopted in the vast majority of developed nations. The majority of developing nations are following suit. In India, "it is still in its development phase and has yet to enter into implementation stage, as a national health program."