Newborn screening (NBS) or neonatal screening is a procedure of identifying babies with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). IEM are usually rare inherited disorders that can cause significant neonatal and infant mortality. These errors or disorders could lead to permanent neurological, cognitive, tactile, and physical damage in the child. Timely diagnosis and consequent treatment can help prevent cognitive and physical disabilities and life-threatening diseases. Newborn screening (NBS) or neonatal screening is a procedure of identifying babies with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). IEM are usually rare inherited disorders that can cause significant neonatal and infant mortality. These errors or disorders could lead to permanent neurological, cognitive, tactile, and physical damage in the child. Timely diagnosis and consequent treatment can help prevent cognitive and physical disabilities and life-threatening diseases.